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Zaki, F. A.

Biodiversity of Predaceous Ladybird Beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Kashmir

Abstract Views :468 | PDF Views:355

Authors

A. A. Khan ¹, F. A. Zaki ¹, Z. H. Khan ¹, R. A. Mir ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar 191121, Jammu and Kashmir, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 23, No 1 (2009), Pagination: 43-47

Abstract

An extensive survey for predaceous ladybird beetles was conducted in Srinagar district of Kashmir, India, over a period of 6 months (April - September) during 2006-2007. A total of 5525 specimens of coccinellids was collected from 12 ecosystems, viz., apple, pear, plum, cherry, kale, cabbage, cauliflower, mustard, blue pine, willow, rose and Euonymus during 2006 and 2007. Out of 15 identified species of ladybird beetles, 11 belonged to the subfamily Coccinellinae [Callicaria superba (Mulsant), Harmonia dimidiata (Fabricius), Harmonia eucharis (Mulsant), Aiolocaria hexaspilota (Hope), Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, Calvia punctata (Mulsant), Adalia tetraspilota (Hope), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze), Oenopia conglobata (Linnaeus), Propylea luteopustulata (Mulsant), and Menochilus sexmaculat (Fabricius)] and four belonged to the subfamily Chilocorinae [Platynaspis saundersi Crotch, Chilocorus infernalis Mulsant, Chilocorus rubidus Hope and Priscibrumus uropygialis (Mulsant)].

Keywords

Biodiversity, Coccinellidae, Forest Ecosystem, Horticultural Ecosystem and Predacious Ladybird Beetles.

Full Text

References

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Irshad, M. 2001. Distribution, host, ecology and biotic potential of coccinellids of Pakistan. Pakistan, Journal of Biological Science, 4: 1259-1263.

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Joshi, S., Mohanraj. P., Rabindra, R. J. and Rao, N. S. 2003. Production and use of coccinellid predators. Technical Bulletin No. 32, Project Directorate of Biological Control, Bangalore, India. Kapur, A. P. 1973. The Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) of the Italian expeditions to the Karakoram and Hindukush. Records of Zoological Survey of India, 67: 373-378.

Khan, A. A. and Zaki, F. A. 2007. Predation rates of Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus and Chilocorus infernalis Mulsant on aphids. Asian Journal of Bio Science, 2: 53-55.

Khan, I., Din, S., Khalil, S. K. and Rafi, M. A. 2007. Survey of predatory coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the Chitral District, Pakistan. 6pp. Journal of Insect Science. 7:07, available online: insectscience.org/7.07.

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Oliveira, E. E., Oliveira, C . L., Sarmento, R. A., Rezende, L. M. and Fadini, M. A. M. 2004. Aspectos biologicos de predator Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) alimentado com Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Homoptera: Aphididae). Bioscience Journal, 21: 33-39.

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Shantibala, K. and Singh, T. K. 1991. Studies on the vertical distribution of aphidophagous coccinellids (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of Manipur and Nagaland. Journal of Aphidology, 5: 39-43.

Shantibala, K. and Singh, T. K. 1994. Prey-predator relationship with special reference to aphids and their predator, Harmonia dimidiata Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Manipur. Indian Journal of Hill Farming, 7: 215.

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Natural Parasitism of the Rice Skipper, Parnara guttata (Bremer and Grey) (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) Infesting Paddy at Anantnag, Kashmir

Abstract Views :215 | PDF Views:139

Authors

Md. Jamal Ahmad ¹, F. A. Zaki ¹

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology (Kashmir), Shalimar campus, Srinagar-191121, J & K, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 22, No 1 (2008), Pagination: 113-117

Abstract

Parnara guttata (Bremer & Grey) was found to support the population of three different larval parasitolds, namely, Apanteles sp., an ichneumonid, a taehinid and one pupal parasitoid, Brachymeria sp. in paddy fields at Regional Rice Research Station, Khudwani, Anantnag, from July to October during Kharif 2003&2004. Total host parasitisation was averaged as 41.83 and 44.43 per cent during 2003 and 2004 respectively, and showed nonsignificant positive correlation (0.22 and 0.13) with the availability of host, during both the years. Among the parasitic community studied, average parasitism by Apatiteles sp, was found maximum in nature (23.26 and 24.7), followed by tachinid (8.7 and 8.38), Brachymeria sp. (7.33 and 8.1) and ichneumonid (2.55 and 2.63 per cent) during the corresponding years. Pattern of parasitism for individual parasitoid species was worked out in detail along with possible reasons of dynamic similarity and changes in their population.

Keywords

Anantnag, Apanteles sp., Brachymeria sp., Ichneumonid, Paddy, Parasitism, Parnara guttata, Tachinid.

Full Text

Predatory Response of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Feeding on the Euonymus Aphid, Aphis fabae Solanella Theobald (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Kashmir

Evaluation of some Entomopathogenic Fungal Isolates from Kashmir for the Bioeontrol of White Grubs Infesting Turf Grass in Golf Course

Abstract Views :217 | PDF Views:122

Authors

S. Mohi-Ud-Din ¹, F. A. Zaki ¹, N. A. Munshi ², A. Jan ³, P. Sultan ³

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology, S. K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, 191121, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
2 Division of Sericulture, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, IN
3 Regional Research Laboratory, Santnagar, Srinagar, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 20, No 1 (2006), Pagination: 45-50

Abstract

The pathogenicity of nine fungi was tested in the laboratory against Holotrichia sp. Ail the fungi proved to be pathogenic at a spore concentration 1 × 10⁸ spore/ml to grub with varied mortality. Beaitveria bassiana (Local), B. bassiana (commercial), B. brongniartii and Metarhizium anisopliae were found to be the most effective. B. bassiana @ 1x10⁸ spore/ml concentration inflicted initial mortality on 6^th day (46.6%) and cent per cent mortality was observed on 12^th day. In B. brongniartii initial mortality started on 8^th day (33.33%) and cent per cent mortality occurred on 20^th day, while as in case of M. anisopliae mortality was initiated on 8^th day (30%) and highest mortality was observed on 20^th day (93.91%). In the field, all the three screened bioeontrol agents caused heavy mortality at the highest concentration of 1x10⁸ spore/ml. However, B. bassiana was found most effective as compared to the rest. In case of B. bassiana, the first mortality was observed on 10^th day (36.66%) and cent per cent mortality occurred on 20^th day, while in case of B. brongniartii and M. anisopliae the first mortality was observed on 10^th and 12^th day and complete mortality was observed on 22^nd and 24^th day, respectively.

Keywords

Beaitveria bassiana, Holotrichia sp., Indigenous Fungal Isolates.

Full Text

Bioefficacy and mass culturing of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Nematoda:Heterorhabditidae) on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Lepidoptera:Pieridae) in temperate region of Kashmir, Indi

Abstract Views :239 | PDF Views:236

Authors

M. A. Mantoo ¹, F. A. Zaki ¹, Rasi Jan ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar – 190 025, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar – 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 35, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 6-11

Abstract

A laboratory investigation was carried out to assess the bioefficacy and mass culturing of Kashmir isolate of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora on cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae in Srinagar. The pathogenicity of H. bacteriophora against 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae showed cent per cent mortality of the pest in all the three larval instars at the dosages of 20 IJs/larva and above. The LC₅₀ values of H. bacteriophora against 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae ranged from 46.61 to 9.32, 76.33 to 9.82 and 91.36 to 10.08 IJs/larva at 24 to 96 h and that the LT₅₀ values from 65.15 to 23.12, 84.54 to 29.20 and 105.36 to 33.52 h at 10 to 60 IJs/larva, respectively. The average production of nematode infective juveniles per larvae was found to be 7.02 x 10³, 25.74 x 10³ and 58.45 x 10³ and that from per gram of host body weight was 91.49 x 10³, 151.30 x 10³ and 233.78 x 10³ in 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total time period between the larval mortality and the initiation of emergence of the infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 7-8, 9-10 and 10-11 days and the peak period of emergence of infective juveniles ranged from 10-13, 14-19, 16-21 days after mortality from the cadavers of 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively. The total duration of nematode emergence recorded during the period between larval mortality and cessation of emergence of infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged 17-19, 23-25 and 26-29 days after mortality in case of 3^rd, 4^th and 5^th larval instars of P. brassicae, respectively.

Keywords

Bioefficacy, Entomopathogenic Nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Pieris brassicae

Full Text

References

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Flanders KL, Miller JM, Shields EJ. 1996. In vivo production of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 'Oswego' (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), a potential biological control agent for soil-inhabiting insects in temperate regions. J Econ Entom. 89:373–380. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/89.2.373

Karunakar G, Easwaramoorthy S, David H. 2000. Host parasite interaction between two species of white grubs infesting sugarcane and two species of entomopathogenic nematodes. Sug Technol. 2(4):12–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02995579

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Rajkumar M, Parihar A, Siddiqui AU. 2002. Mass multiplication of indigenous entomopathogenic nematodes of Udaipur. Proceedings of National Symposium on biodiversity and management of nematodes in cropping systems for sustainable agriculture, November 11-13, 2002. ARS, Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India; p. 77.

In-vivo production of a Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) on test insect hosts from Srinagar (J&K)

Abstract Views :219 | PDF Views:167

Authors

M. A. Mantoo ¹, F. A. Zaki ¹, Rasi Jan ²

Affiliations
1 Division of Entomology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar − 190025, Jammu and Kashmir, IN
2 Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar − 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, IN

Source

Journal of Biological Control, Vol 35, No 1 (2021), Pagination: 25-29

Abstract

Under laboratory conditions, the virulence of the Kashmir isolate of EPN, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (SKUASTK-EPN-Hr 01) to Galleria mellonella, Corcyra cephalonica and Bombyx mori showed that after 48-72 h, 100% mortality was recorded in all the test insects. Considering 48 h time and 20 IJs/larva as standard against G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, the LC₅₀ and LT₅₀ values for the EPN were 10.17, 28.72 and 23.81 IJs/larva, and 38.64, 53.04 and 49.20 h after exposure, respectively. Again its virulence to the larvae of three different sizes of these insects, viz., small (0.12g, 0.04g, 0.17g), medium (0.18g, 0.05g, 0.59g) and large (0.22g, 0.07g, 2.58g) sized larvae showed that all the three sizes of G. mellonella were more susceptible than that of B. mori and C. cephalonica. Considering 20 IJs/larva as standard against small, medium and large sized larvae, the LT50 value for the EPN was 25.00, 26.45 and 27.21 h; 47.73, 48.92 and 53.16 h, and 46.04, 47.48 and 48.92 h for G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively. The production of nematode infective juveniles per larvae was directly proportional to the size and/or body weight of the insect species tested. The average production of nematode infective juveniles per gram of host body weight ranged from 1557.79 to 1933.55 x 10³, 217.38 to 335.43 x 10³ and 71.03 to 128.00 x 10³ in G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively. The total time period between the larval mortality and the initiation of emergence, and between larval mortality and the cessation of emergence of nematode infective juveniles from the cadavers ranged from 7-10, 6-8 and 9-12 days, and 19-28, 16-24 and 23-41 days in G. mellonella, C. cephalonica and B. mori, respectively.

Keywords

Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Bombyx mori, Corcyra cephalonica, Galleria mellonella, In-vivo Production, Virulence.

Full Text

References

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Flanders KL, Miller JM, Shields EJ. 1996. In vivo production of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora `Oswego' (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae), a potential biological control agent for soil-inhabiting insects in temperate regions. J Econ Entom 89(2): 373-380.

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Zaki FA, Mantoo MA, Gul S. 2000. In vivo culturing of entomopathogenic nematodes Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae on silkworm (Bombyx mori) and their effect on some lepidopterous insects. Indian J Nematol 30(1): 1-4.

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